Introduction to HTML - Text Functions

Introduction to HTML

Text Functions
Special Characters

Text Functions

Font Functions

Course Contents

In place May 18, 1996. Last updated January 5, 2001.

Using Special Character Codes:

HTML permits the use of codes to place special characters and symbols on a WWW page which might not be possible to generate from the keyboard. Additionally, there are some characters which are reserved in HTML for command functions, most notably, < (less than), > (greater than), & (ampersand) and " (double quote). Many browsers cannot display these characters unless they are presented using the codes shown in the tables below. Exactly how the browser will display any text depends on the font which the user has loaded as the default.
The general form of the special character placement code is:

&{ #code / name };
where code / name can be either —

the actual ASCII numerical code (four places) corresponding to the desired character,
prefaced by the ampersand / pound sign ( &# ) and followed by a semicolon ( ; ) —
Example:
E ( yields & ASCII character )
( See the table below for standard viewable ASCII characters and their corresponding codes. )
or

a special character name (case sensitive) prefaced by the ampersand / pound sign ( &# ) and followed by the semicolon ( ; ) —
Example:
Ö ( yields Ö character entity )
There are over two-hundred (200) named HTML 4.01 character entities corresponding to a wide variety of special characters including accentuated Latin characters, Greek characters, punctuation and spacers, arrows, and miscellaneous, math and logic symbols. See the Table of HTML 4.01 Character Entities for a complete categorized listing.

Standard ASCII Character Codes:

( Actual characters displayed depend on the font loaded by the browser. )
( See also the detailed Table of HTML 4.01 Character Entities. )
Code Char. Code Char. Code Char. Code Char. Code Char.

! ! N N { { ¨ ¨ Õ Õ

" " O O | | © © Ö Ö

# # P P } } ª ª × ×

$ $ Q Q ~ ~ « « Ø Ø

% % R R  N/A ¬ ¬ Ù Ù

& & S S  €  Ú Ú

' ' T T  N/A ® ® Û Û

( ( U U  ‚ ¯ ¯ Ü Ü

) ) V V  ƒ ° ° Ý Ý

* * W W  „ ± ± Þ Þ

+ + X X  … ² ² ß ß

, , Y Y  † ³ ³ à à

- - Z Z  ‡ ´ ´ á á

. . [ [  ˆ µ µ â â

/ / \ \  ‰ ¶ ¶ ã ã

0 0 ] ]  Š · · ä ä

1 1 ^ ^  ‹ ¸ ¸ å å

2 2 _ _  Œ ¹ ¹ æ æ

3 3 ` `  N/A º º ç ç

4 4 a a  N/A » » è è

5 5 b b  N/A ¼ ¼ é é

6 6 c c  N/A ½ ½ ê ê

7 7 d d  ‘ ¾ ¾ ë ë

8 8 e e  ’ ¿ ¿ ì ì

9 9 f f  “ À À í í

: : g g  ” Á Á î î

; ; h h  • Â Â ï ï

< < i i  – Ã Ã ð ð

= = j j  — Ä Ä ñ ñ

> > k k  ˜ Å Å ò ò

? ? l l  ™ Æ Æ ó ó

@ @ m m  š Ç Ç ô ô

A A n n  › È È õ õ

B B o o  œ É É ö ö

C C p p  N/A Ê Ê ÷ ÷

D D q q  N/A Ë Ë ø ø

E E r r  Ÿ Ì Ì ù ù

F F s s   N/A Í Í ú ú

G G t t ¡ ¡ Î Î û û

H H u u ¢ ¢ Ï Ï ü ü

I I v v £ £ Ð Ð ý ý

J J w w ¤ ¤ Ñ Ñ þ þ

K K x x ¥ ¥ Ò Ò ÿ ÿ

L L y y ¦ ¦ Ó Ó

M M z z § § Ô Ô

( See also the detailed Table of HTML 4.01 Character Entities. )

Text Functions Font Functions Course Contents

Using Special Character Codes:

Standard ASCII Character Codes:

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